Author: Aaron Hall
Source: articledashboard.com

According to Eric Lander: "People today are living the revolution more information, unlike others, first in the history of science." He compared its significance for the critical observation of the chemist Mendeleev in 1869 or so, that all the elements of matter in a very simple table could be organized. With this discovery, Mendeleev laid the foundations for the chemical industry and for much of the chemistry of the 20th century. Sciences and the industry is experiencing the same thing, said Lander. Instead of a regular form of the 100,000 human genes is a finite list, which is fully in the near future. This list will help biologists and scientists to understand the huge diversity of mankind and determine the causes of disease.People are variable, Lander said, and all sorts of DNA consisting of a sequence of DNA and the changes that are probably not the world power. On the other hand, he continued, there are only two or three common variants of most human genes. If two people were selected at random from the audience and a particular gene were sequenced from each, the odds are one in two or three that the two would be identical sequences of the coding region. This reflects the fact that the human race comes from a small population in Africa only 10,000 generations, or about 200,000 years ago. Small populations are relatively few options, and the mutation rate of one in a billion bases is so low that 95% of all genes of the public would not have gone through a single mutation in all these years. Although two human chromosomes are almost identical for small differences in DNA sequence are used to track patterns of inheritance of chromosomes and to identify genes specific to particular subregions. Discovery of genes in this way requires good genetics, physical and sequence maps. The Human Genome Project has made significant progress in these three tasks, said Lander, the genetic maps are essentially finished, and over 97% of the genome physical map is being used to isolate genes in the disease. Sequencing is warming, and expects that about 10% of the effect that (until the end of 1998.The process of production of 3 billion letters of information, the base sequences of DNA) must be completed by the, “bipolar disease“, automation and extraordinary cooperation around the world. Bizarre machines are built, Lander, said as he showed a photo of a machine at the Whitehead Genomatron nickname that has created 100,000 PCR reactions per hour. This reflects a 1000 – to 10,000-fold increase in capacity of only 4 or 5 years ago when a student can use 10-100 who responded to hour.What make this information revolution? Asked. How far are we to understand the important differences between people are the basis of different characteristics? Organizations find gene for rare Mendelian diseases such as cystic fibrosis or Huntington's disease is a piece of cake these days, said Lander. Over 1000 allocated relatively rare diseases already linked to some regions – almost all in the last 10 years, and all in the last 14 years. Over 140 have been specifically isolated and cloned.For common diseases, the challenge is to tease apart the contributions of several genes associated with complex conditions. The greatest progress has been made by the search for rare Mendelian subtypes, but there are no good published subtypes of asthma, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, for some the common genetic example.Human version can spend a very large table or characteristics that population. Those who are already talking about 300,000 to collect all the variants (3 for each of the 100,000 genes) and genotyping all. This is what the genetics in the 21st century may seem, continued.He Lander showed some extreme examples of the questions, particularly those in the supermarket, “bipolar disease“, tabloids, the genes and how they are doing to determine what kind of job a person to whom the married, or how much money they earn. The audience laughed, pointed out that countries in which the subject had Alzheimer's or thrill seeking, it is unclear where the public will be the line on the behavior or other characteristics that might be explained by the drag Gene. "We must take advantage of this genetic revolution in biomedical research and what I believe is still fighting the danger of a naive biological determinism and the consequences that could for the community. We need a different model. The right model for me is recorded on a poster